Ceiling in a wooden house

Country log house is a special flavor and positive natural energy. Wood does not lose its properties after treatment with antiseptic, tinted impregnations, regulates the level of humidity. The walls of the logs, the lining of the block-house, lining look good, keep warm. To maintain a comfortable microclimate, the ceiling in a wooden house is also trimmed with natural materials. They must be no less warm than the walls and match the general style. Surfaces are not recommended to be covered with panels, PVC tiles. Other types of finishes combined with wooden walls create a harmonious image.

Features of finishing the ceilings in a wooden house

The frame shrinks, the amount of deformation depends on the size and type of logs, technology, construction season. To avoid the appearance of cracks on the cladding, the finishing works in the summer building begin in a year. The house, assembled in the winter, is finished in about 8 months. Cladding ceilings in a wooden house start after insulation of floors, roofs. When choosing a material should take into account the functional features of the room. The bathroom is usually mounted rack or tension structures. If the walls are partially decorated with wood, the ceiling surface can be sheathed with clapboard. To avoid warping, rotting and cracking, wood materials are treated with water-repellent compounds, to create a waterproof barrier coated with wax or varnish. In wet areas, it is desirable to use sawn softwood. Resinous inclusions protect against rotting, create a pleasant fresh smell. The Siberian larch and oak are not exposed to moisture. Does not decay, the ceiling from thermowood keeps stability at the increased humidity.

Construction of floors and ceilings in a wooden house

Finishing is mounted on a rough base, which is attached to the horizontal power structures. Beams made of wood, except the support, can perform a decorative function. They can be sewn up or beautifully beaten, made into the decoration of a room. Open beams are appropriate in urban styles, country, ethno.

Three types of ceiling structures are suitable for wooden houses.

Ceiling mount

Installation begins with the installation of vapor barrier on the floor beams. The film is applied overlapped, nailed with staples, the seams are glued with waterproof tape. On top of the vapor barrier are mounted sheet boards, chipboard. The materials are joined at the ceiling beams, leaving a compensation gap of 5 mm. Wooden lining hem on pre-assembled frame. On the side of the attic between the ceiling beams, insulation is placed on the vapor barrier, covered with a film on top. Then lay the attic floor. If the beams are an element of decor, the boards are placed on top, fastened with screws.

Flooring ceiling

This option is suitable for small rooms, utility rooms with a distance between the main walls up to 2, 5 meters. Boards are fixed on the bearing walls or on the rails nailed around the perimeter of the room. If the beams are open, they are ground, treated with wax, linseed oil. On the side of the attic, a vapor barrier film is laid on a wooden base, and they are insulated with rolled or loose materials. Insulation protect from moisture with a layer of insulation.

Panel ceiling

The design consists of individual shields, which are assembled on the ground, lifted, mounted on the supporting beams.

Stages of assembly panels:

• two beams are placed in parallel at a distance of 0.5 m, the edges abut the rail;
• boards of 0.6 m length are screwed or nailed in the transverse direction;
• a box-like panel is turned over and lined with a vapor barrier film;
• lay insulation, covered with waterproofing;
• panel lift to the place of installation.

The panels are heavy, to facilitate transportation to the top and installation, insulation can be performed in the attic. To eliminate cold bridges, the space between the panels is filled with insulation, for example, felt with foil. Over the entire length of the room on the boards lay boards, nailed to each bar.

To give the panel rigidity, slanting bridges are installed before lifting to a height, which are then removed.

How to prepare ceiling structures for decoration

Draft ceiling, wooden elements must be protected from mold fungi. The surfaces are treated with water-based antiseptics; after drying, the flame retardant is applied. You can apply complex impregnation, which protects from putrefactive processes, fire, insects.

Before covering the ceiling is warmed from inside the room or from the attic space.

Insulating Cake Layers:

• external steam insulation;
• insulation;
• diffuse membrane from domestic fumes.

Thermal insulation and noise suppressing materials for the ceiling

For wooden houses you need to choose lightweight materials, a heavy insulating layer will increase the likelihood of the ceiling covering collapsing.

Warming options:

Requirements for materials for finishing ceilings

The ceiling surface is lined with materials that reduce heat loss, prevent the penetration of sounds from the street. Finishing should be easy, do not emit harmful substances. It is desirable that the skin for a long time kept an attractive appearance, easily cleaned from dust. Ideally, only wood materials are appropriate on the ceiling of the log house. They complement the walls, do not need frequent updating. The tree is easily processed, suitable for creating protrusions, relief beams, textured compositions. Wood paneling protects against cold and absorbs sounds. Sheeting wood ceilings can be in the nursery. Non-toxic water-soluble antiseptics, oil-wax does not violate the environmental friendliness of materials.

Lighting features

Wooden surfaces absorb light, therefore, in addition to the general diffusing lamp, lighting of the walls and ceiling is necessary. Fabric and ceramic lampshades, tire systems, chandeliers with wrought iron parts, wooden elements are combined with wood. There are many lighting options, the house will not resemble a modest village hut. To highlight the paintings, decorative elements, you can mount halogen spotlights. In the hallway there are no windows, so that the room is not dark, they install pendant lamps and sconces. For a visual increase in space choose a chandelier with lights up. In the kitchen in the working area mounted fluorescent lamps. To create a pleasant atmosphere around the dining table using frosted lamps. In the bedroom create a diffusing relaxing light, for reading set sconces.

When installing the wiring, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of a short circuit:

• Do not install hidden wiring with the use of PVC boxes and corrugations in the voids of floors, under the headlining;
• it is safer to run the cable outside in time to notice and react to an emergency;
• on combustible materials cable is laid in metal boxes and pipes;
• the wiring is made of copper cable, which is slowly oxidized, stronger in bending;
• wires choose with double or three-layer insulation.

Materials for decoration and their features

The main task of the decor is to make the surface aesthetic, not to harm the properties of the wooden base. If during construction to use high-quality beams, to warm the ceiling from the attic, then it is enough to polish the wood and varnish it. This design makes low rooms more comfortable, high rooms gives volume. To beams you can mount fixtures, brackets for the TV.

To make additional warming, use suspended and tension structures. They hide ugly grounds and communications. When choosing lining oriented to the design direction. Rough materials are suitable for a loft, country style, in classic interiors, smooth texture and painting on wood look better.

Array

Natural material brings a touch of luxury to the room, creating a sense of stability. The classic is not out of date, the trim will not have to be changed in a few years. The ceiling, trimmed with an array, in a wooden house looks beautiful and noble. So that the facing does not look monotonous, spotlights are mounted in the ceiling construction, they are composed of fragments of different shades.

Advantages of solid wood trim:

• low thermal conductivity;
• healthy climate;
• decrease in sound power;
• reliability on the field of fasteners;
• during operation there are no changes that degrade the aesthetics of the array.

Disadvantages - a lot of weight, on the boards can be resin pockets, knots.

Plywood

The budget material after processing stains and varnish is transformed, replaces the expensive lining. For the ceilings of a private house, you can choose laminated sheets (FOF). Plywood is fastened with screws, on the batten or beams, the holes for the lamps are cut with a jigsaw, the gaps are masked by the slats. During installation, there are fewer problems than with drywall. Impression of plywood cladding will improve coarse beams, decorative baseboards, geometric contrasts.

The advantages of veneering:

• keeps form stability;
• easy handling and installation;
• mechanical strength;
• a light weight;
• texture similar to natural wood.

Plywood sheets of class E1, which are considered absolutely safe, are used for internal plating. Even a small emission of formaldehyde does not allow to consider the material environmentally friendly. The second drawback is that the ends of the sheets can exfoliate under the action of moisture; careful treatment with a primer is necessary.

Plywood of grade E, which does not have processing defects, knots, cracks, is suitable for decorative decoration.

Clapboard

The most demanded for covering the ceilings in a wooden house is a thin board. The material retains the beneficial properties and beauty of wood. Due to the different arrangement of the rails, you can achieve original effects, adjust the proportions of the room. The boards laid transversely visually move apart the space. Longitudinal strips lengthen the room. For decoration, lining "Extra" without dark spots and defects or inexpensive boards of A grade with a small amount of knots is suitable. It is advisable to choose raw lamella, which you can independently give the desired shade.

In wooden lining attracts:

• the possibility of implementing various design ideas;
• good performance of heat and sound insulation;
• simple installation without involvement of specialists;
• relatively low price.

The weak side of the ceiling of the lining - the risk of deformation of the slats, the instability of the size with a change in humidity.

Veneered panels

Affordable finishes are not visually distinguishable from natural wood, hiding significant flaws in the base surface. The decor of natural veneer retains the wood structure and natural pattern. On the veneer fayn-line there are no defects, color transitions inherent in the tree, the shade and pattern are uniform. MDF plates are biostable, do not crack, but are afraid of moisture. Dense fibrous structure delays sounds.

The best qualities of veneered panels:

• well crafted edges;
• do not crumble when sawing;
• intrinsic tree appeal.

Disadvantages - peeling of veneer at high humidity. In the manufacture of plates using phenol-formaldehyde resins.

Plastic panels

PVC has many advantages over wood. Plastic moisture resistant, does not crack, does not crack. The lining does not need to be treated with antiseptic agents. Internal insulated cells create an air cushion that enhances sound and heat insulation. But plastic panels are completely out of place on the ceiling of a wooden house. On the background of a noble tree, they look cheap and ridiculous. Plastic hemmed the ceiling surface in the bathroom, utility movements, a small country house.

Drywall

GCR can create complex multi-tiered ceiling structures that will decorate the cottage. For the compatibility of drywall with wooden walls, the ceiling is supplemented with elements from the wall panel, or they are not specially sewn up with beams with sheets. To avoid cracks in the joints in the new house of logs, equip the sliding metal frame. The profile is not placed on the overlap, but is made shorter by 40 cm. The grooves are cut through in it so that during shrinkage the easily tightened screw will fall along with the wall, without pulling the slats behind it.

In addition to unlimited possibilities for design, drywall:

• absorbs less sunlight, increases the illumination of rooms;
• improves thermal insulation (λ 0.15-0.35 W / mK);
• does not emit toxic substances;

Suspended design reduces the height of the room. But, unlike a typical apartment, in a wooden house the distance from the floor to the ceiling is about 2.7 m, so you can allow 2-3 tiers.

Stretch ceiling

Vinyl in the cottage of logs, timber is not very appropriate. It violates the style and breathability. But the ceiling surfaces sewn up in each room with wood materials are also annoying, I want variety. Tensioning system impresses with the speed of installation without dirt and dust. Log walls are well combined with white canvas, textured film under the tree. To install a stretch ceiling in a wooden house you need a good master, who will take into account all the nuances, will recommend a suitable type of canvas. PVC does not allow air to pass through; therefore, treating beams and the wooden base with an antiseptic compound is not enough. It is necessary to create natural or forced ventilation to prevent the formation of condensate and mold. Through the slots of the flooring on the canvas can fall debris, dust, so the rough base is covered with insulation. With proper installation, there will be no flaws in the tensioning system, the possibilities of decorating and lighting the room will expand.

To avoid the formation of waves on the canvas, suspended ceiling mounted after active shrinkage at home.

Laminate

Laminate of 31 or 32 class is suitable for the ceiling, the trimming is cheap and effective. They produce slats with a silky shine, imitation of lacquered wood, textured, aged and matte surface. For rooms with high humidity, you can choose moisture-proof boards. Before you install the material, you need to think out the layout. The panels are laid in a straight line, under a slope, a herringbone, create contrasting patterns. Laminated strips are combined with drywall, stretch ceiling.

Pros plating laminate:

• does not interfere with air exchange;
• a flat surface does not need a decor, treatment with antiseptic compounds;
• does not fade.

Cons - strips stratified with prolonged exposure to moisture.

Style, design and decor of the ceiling

In the wooden house they beat and preserve the natural structure of the wood. The necessary style is created by tinting or coloring wood. For Provencal style, the logs are bleached, the ceiling is sewn up with materials of pastel shades. Chalet style is dominated by brown, sandy shades. The emphasis is on ceiling beams. The simplicity and brutality of the loft emphasize raw beams, boards, timber. Properly chosen decor emphasizes the design of the ceiling and the style direction of the room.

Decorative panels

Slabs of solid oak, mahogany, limes are produced with a smooth, carved surface. The standard thickness of a wooden tile is 1 cm, length - from 30 cm to a meter.

Expensive finish can be replaced with three-layer panels. Shields of spruce or pine covered with a layer of valuable wood, glued under high pressure. The surface of the panel depends on the appearance of the ceiling. Smooth plating gives ease, carved panels look more massive.

3D plates made of thermoplastic vinyl imitate stucco, chased metal, carved wood. Inexpensive decor accurately reproduces the relief and texture of natural materials.

Textured coffered panels will give a stylistic completeness to the premises in a classic style.They are mounted on a frame of support beams with a box-like structure or finished blanks that need to be cut and assembled. For the ceiling in a wooden house suitable caissons made of wood, MDF boards, drywall.

False timber and beams

Imitation of the supporting elements is made of wood, polyurethane foam, gypsum board. Decorative elements decorate plasterboard, wooden, stretch ceilings.

False beams, beams perform various functions:

• serve as a box for communications, the basis for the installation of lamps;
• zoned rooms;
• change the visual perception of the room;
• emphasize the interior direction.

For Provence, country used wooden beams to hide the wiring, make grooves. Massive bars on a wooden base base fastened through the way with long screws. If you want to expand the walls, the elements are perpendicular. To visually increase the length of the beam set along the surface. The crossbeams mounted as a lattice add volume, imitate the coffered ceiling. Implement a rustic style, chalet, loft without beams is impossible. The desired color is given with varnish or paint. The effect of aging with cracks and grooves create brushes.

Alframe finish

The art list copies a carving, gilding, a stucco molding, incrustation by stones, it is applied on separate sites of a ceiling manually or by means of cliches. First, the master develops a sketch, determines the color range, primes the surface. A patina can be applied to the raised beams of the wooden ceiling. It turns out the effect of wear and cracks in a different direction. The method of polychrome painting decorate ceilings for the interior in the style of Provence. Extremely looks alfreynaya finish on the surface of the wall paneling, array. On the beams, boards they paint color landscapes, sockets, on plywood they create 3D pictures with imitation of carving.

Paint coating on wooden ceilings

LKM improve the aesthetics of wood, protect from rotting. Before applying the paint coating, the surface is cleaned, treated with fine emery paper, primed. If you want to preserve or emphasize the texture of wood, apply stain, varnish, decorative azure.

The choice of paint coatings:

Features and phased installation of wall paneling on wooden ceiling

The first step is to calculate the amount of material. To do this, calculate the area of ​​the panel. For example, a width of 9.5 cm is multiplied by a length of 300 cm, we get S-0.285 m2. To calculate the number of squares of the ceiling divided by the area of ​​the board: 16: 0,285 = 56,14. So, you need 57 panels.

The purchased material is unpacked, laid on a flat surface in a room where installation is planned, for 7-12 days. You can pre-treat with an antiseptic and fire retardant bar 5x5 cm for the frame.

To work you need tools:

• drill;
• hacksaw;
• roulette;
• screwdriver;
• level.

Wood frame installation

• Determine the lowest place of the ceiling.
• From it down the wall measure 10 cm, put a mark.
• Using the level mark the remaining angles, beat off the line with a thread.
• They are mounted to the walls bypass rail with a step of 40-50 cm. Self-tapping screws must be 3-4 cm longer than the thickness of the bar.
• At opposite ends of the room, they are fixed on a rail with a distance of 10 cm from the wall, and they pull the thread.
• At this level, the rest of the bars at a distance of 0.5 m are installed perpendicular to the direction of the panels, making sure that they are parallel to the floor.
• To gain between the main slats make jumpers.
• In between the ceiling and the crate stack waterproofing, insulation, fix vapor barrier material.

Installation of lining

• The panels are cut to 5 mm shorter than the required length, treated with antiseptic, varnish or wax.
• The starting strip is fixed to the wall, the Kleimer is pushed into the groove, and screwed to the crate with screws.
• The rest of the boards are inserted with a comb into the groove, gently hit with a mallet.
• Along the perimeter install plinth.

Conclusion

Each of the above cladding is suitable for the ceiling in a wooden house. Many options can be implemented with your own hands. With skillful decor, even a modest plywood looks decent. The main thing is that the ceiling covering corresponds to the style direction of the room, combined with the walls, and does not look like a foreign element on their background.