Landscaping project of the site: 80 examples in the photo

Everyone wants to design their home in accordance with their taste preferences, so that it is beautiful, cozy, concise or luxurious, fashionable or authentic. But the arrangement of a private cottage or cottage - just half the battle. No matter how beautiful the structure is externally, it will lose half of its charm if it rises in a “waste land” - an uncomfortable site with a crooked slate fence and sloppy beds in the background. Disappointing picture, right? Landscaping with all the enclosed buildings and grounds is done by landscape designers. Although highly specialized decorators received wide popularity only in recent years, this profession appeared in antiquity when the need arose to decorate temple complexes and possessions of wealthy citizens. The project of landscape design of a site can be developed and independently. Beginners are often lost and do not know which side to approach the task. In the article we will give a number of valuable tips to beginners in landscape design and show by examples what potential this decorative art hides.

Stages of the landscape project

Let's start with the simplest, with a brief algorithm for drawing up a design project for the improvement of a suburban area. Do not flatter yourself and rely only on paperwork with drawings, you will have to investigate possessions with a tape measure and a camera up and down, but first things first. Design includes the following steps:

Preparation and data collection. At this stage, conduct measurements and topographic survey.
An outline of the engineering networks.
Choosing a stylistic concept.
Analysis of soil (acidity, composition), depth of groundwater. The study of existing vegetation and its preliminary distribution into two groups: the one that fits into the design concept, and the one that will have to be rooted out.
A sketch of the drawing with an approximate placement of the main zones and buildings.
Landscaping and the right choice of vegetation.
Selection of materials for the implementation of ideas.
Lighting design.
The choice of decor for each zone.
Checking the compliance of the idea with the real capabilities of the site, conducting repeated "control" measurements.
The final "approval" of the project.

Working with a drawing is not necessarily on paper. For these purposes, created a mass of online helpers. Visualizers after downloading the source data will offer a wide range of "filling" the landscape, among which you just need to choose the one you like.
After completion of the main work on the project, in the program on the virtual site, you can walk, evaluate its merits and find weaknesses that are subject to immediate correction.

Those who make only the first tentative steps in landscape design and are afraid to make a number of irreparable mistakes will be helped by professionals. Before embodying the idea for a certain fee, which is not commensurate with the cost of the finished project, designers can conduct a thorough, objective analysis of the work and give valuable advice.

Important characteristics of the site

The most important characteristics of the land, which can greatly affect the design, include:

Square. This is the first thing to be oriented. Obviously, large-scale ideas cannot be embodied on a landscape of several hundred square meters. For such projects, scope is needed.
The form. Most of all unlucky owners of asymmetric sites. Considered the best areas of square and rectangular shapes. Properly equip triangular possession is more difficult. How many acres in a particular area, you can find out on the documents of sale.
Relief. In this case, elevations, hollows, slopes matter. The nature of the relief will have a greater effect on landscaping.
The presence of neighboring sites, nearby roads. This nuance will have to be taken into account when placing various objects for which certain distance specifications are established.
Availability of engineering communications. This occurs in areas that are located in densely populated suburbs. If we are talking about the "wild" nature, then all communications will have to be built from scratch, and designing this nuance makes it easier, just like a summer resident's wallet, because such works will be associated with additional expenses.

Also consider the presence of natural objects: water, rocky hills, trees.

We design according to the rules and regulations

First of all, you need to familiarize yourself with the standards for maintaining distances between buildings of different types. If you ignore any rule, after checking by the fire or sanitary inspection staff, you will have to not only pay the fine, but also demolish the building and start construction work again. The list of standards is as follows:

Buildings made of non-combustible materials (concrete, reinforced concrete) and similar buildings should be kept at least 6 m. If a barn or summer kitchen is equipped with wooden floors, they are erected at a distance of 8 m. For buildings made of combustible materials (wood), a distance of 10 m
10 m. Are left between similar buildings made of non-combustible materials with wooden floors. To the buildings of wood keep a distance of 12 m.
Full-fledged buildings made of combustible materials and frame floors are erected at a distance of 15 m from each other.
The residential building must be separated from the street at least 5 m.
Sources of water (wells, wells) are not dug in the vicinity of compost pits and street toilets. The minimum distance between them should be 8 m. A similar distance is maintained between the shower and the residential house or cellar, where provisions are stored.
12 m. Must separate housing from buildings that contain livestock, and from the restroom.

It is also necessary to take into account the permissible distances to the section of neighbors from different objects. Tall trees and farm buildings that contain animals should be 4 m apart from the fence. The house can be built a little closer - only 3 m., And other buildings at a distance of 1 m. Middle-grown trees are planted at a distance of 2 m. From the neighbor fence, and shrubs - 1 m. For the most part, these standards are set to large objects did not cast a shadow and did not prevent other people from breaking up a garden or a vegetable garden. Although building a restroom, a pig shed or digging up a compost pit next to neighbors is fraught with violation of sanitary standards, which can lead to contamination of water in their area. You should not hope that they drilled the well at another fence.

Choosing a color palette for landscape design

With the help of colors you can create a unique design on the most primitive summer cottage. Moreover, special financial investments in the formation of a composite palette of colors will not be required. To make the gamut of colors of individual objects easier, they are grouped into the following categories:

Natural landscape elements. This group includes everything that was created by nature: reservoirs, hills, green spaces and even natural rock gardens.
Architectural elements. These include all buildings on the site: from gazebos and to the main apartment building. In this case, the color of finishing materials and decorations is important.
Details of the decorative and social landscape. This category includes man-made elements, the combination of shades of which is unlimited. The group includes trees, shrubs, beds, flower beds (planted with their own hands), rock gardens, rockeries, artificial ponds, fountains and springs.
The remaining design elements. These include garden paths, fences, decking, bridges, lanterns, small sculptures, hammocks.

The latter category is equivalent to fine decor, if we draw a parallel with the interior design. With its help, the color composition is finally polished, and, if necessary, easily replace the components with others. In fact, “other elements” express the mood of the site owner, while the selection of the rest of the details is based on tastes, which, as is known, change only with time.

Popular stylistic directions

All stylistic directions for registration of homestead and dacha plots can be divided into two groups:

Historical.
Modern popular.

If the first were formed over the long years and reached us in the form in which they were embodied in different epochs, the second group is in constant motion, evolving and changing. Historical styles include Dutch, Japanese, Mediterranean, French, English, Moorish, colonial, Russian and Chinese. The popular group includes high-tech, minimalism, alpine (landscape analogue of the chalet), modern and eco-direction. In the latter case, the plot is drawn up as naturally as possible, that is, natural asymmetry is welcomed. In minimalism use dwarf trees, large spaces and a harmonious arrangement of rare decorative elements. High-tech obeys strict rules: neat asphalt tracks, simple geometry in the arrangement of small architectural forms, ideally trimmed shrubs. Modern is based on the use of smooth lines, rounded corners, the use of modern materials and contrasting combinations of colors and textures. Alpine style is ideal for the design of embossed areas. They are divided into "mountain" gardens, where vegetation alternates with stone steep and rock gardens.

Zoning area

In order for a landscape composition to look neat, without heaps of individual elements, it must be zoned, that is, divided into separate functional areas, in which certain objects are combined into groups. The average area includes the following zones:

Recreation area.
Gardening property.
Group of outbuildings.
Playground for active recreation and games.

All zones are isolated from each other using garden paths, fencing, flower beds or decorative elements.

Rest zone

Recreation area is designed for large companies and may include:

Arbor open or closed. The first option is used only in summer. Closed gazebos are glazed and can sometimes have an autonomous heating system, which makes them a comfortable place for a winter holiday.
Open or closed (under a canopy) area with barbecue, hearth or barbecue.
Furnished backyard with upholstered furniture, dining table, chaise longue and poufs. This platform is made out in the open air or decorated with pergola entwined with ivy, grapes, and clematis.
Dining without canopy. In the area there is a dining table and chairs. Most often, it is located near the summer kitchen, so as not to have to carry dishes around.

The recreation area is usually located next to the garden, which provides a beautiful landscape view, and with a playground, so that the little ones can be looked after without distracting from the gatherings.

Garden and vegetable garden area

The garden and the vegetable garden are traditionally united in one zone, although options are possible when the beds are broken in one half of the plot, while trees and shrubs are planted in the other. The choice of location for green spaces determines the terrain, the depth of groundwater and the type of soil. Experts recommend placing the beds in the "deaf" side of the plot, behind the house, so that the greenhouse garden industry does not hone his eyes and spoil the exterior of the house. If the soil for growing cucumbers and tomatoes is categorically not suitable, then the situation can be changed using imported soil. The garden in any case should look neat and well maintained. To achieve this effect, so-called “high” beds, raised above the rest of the ground and fenced with wooden, plastic, stone fences, will help. Garden can take a variety of forms. Sometimes it is a paradise with exotic flora, as if descended from photos of fashion magazines, and in other cases it is an imitation of a park with fruit and coniferous trees planted in rows, with benches for rest and neat paths.

Farm buildings area

The outbuildings include a bath, a summer kitchen, sheds for inventory, woodsheds, buildings that contain pets. In fact, in this zone all the sites where any work is performed are located, there is no time to rest here, therefore the emphasis is placed on functionality, and not on beauty. When developing a design project, they pay attention to the color of the finishing materials of the buildings, their stylistic conformity to the chosen concept and easy decoration using flower beds, paths and fences.

Sports and play area

Sports and playground may include a tennis court, children's slides and swings, a system of horizontal bars, and even some types of simulators, if the household is keen on physical exercises in the morning. Its placement is impractical in areas with a small area. In these cases, it is better to limit yourself to a compact swing and a slide. The sports and entertainment area is traditionally located on the backyard. It is usually bordered by a recreation area and garden.

Garden paths and lawn

Garden paths are mainly used for zoning the site. On the sides they are decorated with low fences, curb beds, parterres, ribbon flower beds and mixborders, if the trail is adjacent to a deaf fence. The paths are made of pebbles, rubble, large flat stones, wood cuts, planks, concrete, bricks, pieces of ceramic tiles, laid out in a mosaic method. The lawn is planted on sites free from construction, as the grass carpet looks more effective if it occupies a large area. A similar lawn is located on the approaches to the recreation area, in the summer it can be used as a field for mini-football. In addition to the traditional short-cropped lawn, there is also the Moorish version. It does not require special care and is a sweet potpourri of field herbs, the height of which sometimes reaches the waist.

Artificial reservoirs - an element of landscape design

What is the site without a pond? In rare cases, a trickle flows through the property or there is a small natural pond nearby. If the landscape is devoid of natural water veins, then it is necessary to create their artificial alternative. The most economical option is considered a pond. Caring for him will require a minimum. The pond is inhabited by aquatic flora and sometimes fish. Harmonizes water construction with minimalism and Japanese style. The pleasant sounds of the murmur of water will come from the fountains and their more complex versions - cascades. To arrange such a reservoir, you will have to purchase a special water pumping system that will consistently “eat” electricity. The more complex the design and the higher its power, the more fluid it can distill. In the luxurious homesteads settle pools. This personalized bathing pool is well combined with a bath. You can relax in it, and then cool the heat in the cool water of the pool.

Site lighting rules

Precinct lighting is divided into three categories:

The main. This group includes a set of lighting near the porch and around the outbuildings.
Additional. Lanterns along the tracks, which are necessary for free movement on the site at night.
Decorative. This type of lighting emphasizes the beauty of the individual elements of landscape design, which do not carry any "useful" function and are installed solely for the sake of a pleasant look.

Power lamps are installed only in the main lighting fixtures. Decorative sources of light enough diffused light.

An economical solution would be to buy solar-powered lamps. Of course, such a source of light is not enough for the whole night, but for 3-5 hours they will be able to work smoothly in total darkness.

Do not forget about the decorative elements

"Cut" the landscape of the site by using decorative elements. They do not have a single classification, but conventionally these parts can be divided into two large groups:

"Live" decorations, that is, green spaces.
The rest of the details.

Flower gardens and various compositions of shrubs and trees belong to the “living” décor. These can be flowerbeds, borders, tapeworms, solo plants, mixborders, backstage, topiary, labyrinths, multi-level stands, rose gardens, arabesques, rock gardens, rockeries, flowerpots. The rest of the decorations include benches, small architectural forms, sculptures, ceramic animal figurines, bridges, pergolas, dais, trellis, arches, garden furniture. The choice of decorative elements depends on the style of the site. For example, a wooden cart with flowers and old wheels will emphasize the carelessness of the village or Russian style. Роскошная металлическая скамья с элементами ковки подойдет к модерну, английскому или классическому направлению. Фонтан, утопающий в цветниках и декорированный скульптурами, идеально впишется в рамки французского стиля.

Conclusion

Правильная организация пространства на участке - залог красивого пейзажа. Designing design should be perceived as a challenge, an opportunity to show your talents to the designer. You should not faint in advance from the budget of the entire campaign, since many ideas can be implemented independently without the involvement of specialists whose services are expensive. Fortunately, the World Wide Web is replete with all sorts of master classes for laying garden paths, creating complex flower beds and installing arbors.